Introduction

Today, Morocco is facing a strong concurrence from Asia (China;
India), but also challenges and opportunities ensued from the future
implementation of a free trade area with United States of America and
European Union. Even though Morocco is expecting to be one of
globalization economic actor, only 6 Million Dollars are invested in
scientific research. Compared to the 21.1 Billion Dollars invested
by United States in scientific research, Morocco has an extremely huge
gap that must be reduced. If Morocco opens its economic barriers to
high competitive countries such as United States or European Union
without giving importance to its local development through innovation
and technology, the impact could be critical. In fact, Morocco could be
assimilated to an underdeveloped country because of its extremely low
grade in Human Development Index (126th over 177 countries), a high
lever of illiteracy (48%) and an infamous educational system (11th over
14 in the Middle East and North Africa region). Fortunately, the
Moroccan political leaders realized the extreme importance of scientific
research as an essential tool to improve the socio-economic development
of the country, as said Moroccan Prime Minister, his excellence Mr.
Abbas El Fassi in the daily newspaper “Le Matin”: “The promotion of
scientific research is essential to a long-term oriented development of
prior sectors.” He adds that “The best strategy to adopt is to give a total
independence to the universities in order to improve scientific research
and help them to make their own policies and be the most efficient
possible”. The idea that Mr. Abbas El Fassi highlights is an essential
point that must be developed to understand Morocco’s position over
this fundamental step to development.